This is a large amount of waste which may carry an environmental burden. Chicken alone is estimated to have 98.4 million tons processed in 2019 ( United States Department of Agriculture, 2019). The majority of meats that are mass processed globally are pork, beef and chicken. Food industry waste may be generated from food or beverage processing which may consist of such things as fruit/vegetable pomace, meat processing by-products or even nut shells. The use of this material gives new purpose to a waste product and contributes to the goal of sustainable product development.Īccording to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization has reported that nearly one third of food globally is lost or wasted, equating to nearly 1.3 billion tons of waste ( Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2019). The success of the composites demonstrated that ChF biocarbon can be used as a sustainable and cost effective filler. Both composites had moduli that were more than 115% greater than that of the neat polymer. After characterization, the biocarbon was combined with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to generate sustainable 100% biobased composites. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that lower temperature samples were more amorphous, whereas higher temperature samples exhibited more graphitic content. A complete analysis was completed to determine the yield, ash, chemical composition and morphology of the samples. In this work, ChF were subjected to slow pyrolysis at varying temperatures. A common waste material from the food industry is chicken feathers (ChF), a by-product of the chicken meat processing industry. The generation of products from food-industry waste not only reduces the environmental burden of the materials but gives a new value to waste. With over 1 billion tons of food waste generated annually, there is potential for the waste to be re-purposed. 2School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.1Bioproducts Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, Crop Science Building, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.Zonglin Li 1 † Christoff Reimer 1 † Maisyn Picard 1,2 † Amar K.
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